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关系到宝宝的健康，准妈妈的口腔健康不容忽视

发布日期：2024-12-17 11:10:32编辑：秩名

起名生辰八字起名大全 生辰八字宝宝起名大全
孕妇能通过准备营养均衡、美味可口的食物享受口福吗？在牙周专科门诊，我们会遇到一些没有口福的孕妇。他们的帮助惊人地相似：怀孕以来，嘴里的牙龈逐渐肿胀，最近突然明显增加，严重影响了一日三餐的正常饮食。
 
显然是在最需要为婴儿提供足够营养的关键时期，但由于牙龈问题，不能正常咀嚼，稍硬的食物，轻轻咬，肿胀的牙龈出血。孕妇很苦恼，家人也很焦虑。这种影响孕妇口腔祝福的常见口腔疾病实际上是妊娠期牙龈肿瘤。
 
 
 
当然，怀孕期间常见的口腔疾病不仅仅是妊娠期牙龈肿瘤。妊娠期牙龈炎和慢性牙周炎的发病率也很高。这些妊娠期牙周病，由于严重程度不同，症状轻、重。在严重影响饮食之前，许多孕妇会选择忽视、拖延，或在网上搜索相关信息，在网上购买口腔清洁用品进行自我诊断和治疗，这些操作通常不能解决问题。
 
准妈妈的口腔健康婴儿健康
 
怀孕期间，准妈妈真的很担心口腔问题。
 
最常见的牙龈炎会导致牙龈肿胀、疼痛、出血；有些智齿位置不好，可能反复发作冠周炎，引起局部肿胀、疼痛，严重炎症可扩散到咀嚼肌，也会导致张开嘴；妊娠期牙龈肿瘤的早期症状似乎是牙龈炎，但随着时间的推移，牙龈出血频繁，牙龈肿瘤体积逐渐增加，有点粗心会被牙齿咬和大量出血，进食过程必须小心，甚至只能吃流质半流质。
 
此外，如果怀孕前有慢性牙周炎，没有及时有效的治疗，妊娠加重牙周炎不仅会导致孕妇口腔气味异常，还会导致牙齿咀嚼无力、松动、脱落，严重影响胎儿健康发育，早产、新生儿体重轻等不良妊娠结果的风险会增加。
 
现代医学对牙周病的病因有明确的判断。牙周病是一种多因素疾病，最重要的致病因素是牙菌斑。口腔是一个开放的环境，牙菌斑不能永久根除。机体免疫功能与牙菌斑中致病微生物之间的战斗结果将决定宿主的牙周状况是健康还是生病。
 
众所周知，女性在怀孕期间的激素水平会发生显著变化，但大多数人不知道的是，牙龈和牙周膜细胞中存在雌激素受体。也就是说，大量的雌激素在怀孕期间自然产生，使牙周组织直接“躺下”。口腔中的表现是牙龈更容易肿胀和出血。更不幸的是，怀孕期间增加的孕酮与牙周致病菌的营养成分维生素K结构相似，这让怀孕期间的牙周组织不幸再次采取行动。致病微生物吃饱了，孕妇很难享受口福。
 
最糟糕的是，牙周病微生物的类型与传染性阴道病细菌相似，其中一些可以通过菌血症进入胎盘，导致前列腺素和其他炎症因素继续增加，导致早产风险增加，危及母婴安全。
 
怀孕期间不怕牙病，积极应对招数
 
当然，孕妇在怀孕期间的牙周不健康也不是不可避免的。针对上述原因，各种预防和治疗牙周疾病的医疗技术已经非常成熟。只要遵循科学原理，及时清除、阻断或减少各种原因，就能有效预防和治疗妊娠期各种牙周病。
 
[及时发现问题，尽快采取行动]
 
怀孕期间发现牙龈出血、肿胀、增生、疼痛等情况，孕妇应保持警惕和注意。正确的反应方法是通过互联网医疗和其他渠道及时咨询口腔专业人员，并尽快去口腔科。通过临床检查，口腔医生可以快速判断牙龈炎、牙龈瘤、冠周炎等常见疾病。然后根据孕妇的全身健康状况、生理和心理状态，制定有针对性的治疗方案。
 
[有效的医疗手段，要去除菌斑]
 
治疗各种牙周病的第一步是控制斑点。这种针对牙周病主要病因的有效措施包括机械和化学两种方法，其中机械去除斑点的方法更为准确。因此，在处理妊娠期牙周病时，使用含有化学抗菌成分的漱口水只能起到辅助作用，主力是龈上清洁、龈下刮除等医疗操作，以及使用牙刷、牙线、牙齿间隙刷、冲牙器等自我口腔卫生维护行为。
 
【洁牙必不可少，时间必须恰到好处】
 
牙龈清洁治疗是去除附着在牙齿表面牙龈边缘以上的牙结石和菌斑，而牙龈下刮除治疗是针对牙周袋内牙根表面的牙龈下结石、根表面毒素和牙龈下菌斑，属于牙周病的基本治疗。无论使用手动还是电动超声工具，在治疗过程中都可能产生疼痛、酸和麻木。机械设备产生的噪音和患者的恐惧都会对妊娠期牙周病的治疗产生风险。在口腔医生的指导下，坚持日常自我菌斑控制，安排妊娠4-6个月的牙周基础治疗，是孕妇各种牙周病的常规方案。
 
[急性感染凶猛，医生也有办法]
 
如果错过了最佳治疗期，不幸发生急性牙周脓肿，无论怀孕哪个阶段，医生都会根据孕妇的妊娠高血压、糖尿病等全身情况进行评估，必要时进行牙周应急治疗。严重影响孕妇口腔幸福的妊娠期牙龈瘤也应先机械清除牙石菌斑，然后根据牙龈瘤的变化决定是否需要及时手术。分娩后，由于孕妇体内孕酮等激素水平的下降，牙龈瘤可以逐渐自行缩小。虽然不太可能完全消退，但此时牙周的基本治疗效果更确定，手术创伤更小。
 
【准备怀孕就像准备考试，到位就没有烦恼】
 
在怀孕准备阶段，建议做好口腔体检，诊断牙周健康状况，接受基本的牙周治疗，掌握自我口腔卫生维护方法，实现菌斑控制。治疗牙龈炎、控制牙周炎和拔除阻生牙可以大大降低妊娠期牙龈炎、妊娠期牙龈肿瘤和智齿冠周炎的发病率。
 
[面对孕期牙病，打破恶性循环]
 
如果怀孕期间错过口腔检查和保健，当怀孕期间出现各种牙周异常时，日常刷牙可能会加重牙龈出血，引起孕妇恐慌，避免口腔卫生清洁手术，导致口腔致病微生物繁殖，进一步加重局部牙周炎症，进入恶性循环。打破这种僵局的方法除了及时就医外，还需要加强自我口腔护理。
 
【牙刷牙线冲牙器，尽力而为】

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