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不为人知 被隐瞒的7个避孕秘密

发布日期：2024-07-14 11:09:37编辑：秩名

产后避孕
我们所知道的避孕常识，大部分来自于广告和网络，比如避孕药、避孕套，宫内避孕器等。很少有专业的妇科医生给我们专业的建议。这或许是因为，中国女性每年一度的妇科检查并没有引起重视，只是随便应付一下。或许是医生的日程排的很满，没有时间细细给你介绍，又或许是你自己根本没有提出疑问。
 
　　对于已经生完孩子的女性来说，避孕是一个很严肃的话题，因为三年抱俩并不是一个好选择，尤其对剖腹产的女性来说。在实际操作过程中，避孕方法不可能做到100%的安全，也不可能防止感染性病，但下列7个知之不全的事实却很可能对你的生活产生严重的影响。
 

　　秘密1：体重≥58公斤，服避孕药有60%可能失败

 
　　介于18-39岁年龄段的女性，如果体重等于或大于58公斤，口服避孕药有60%可能失败，尤其是雌性激素指标偏低者。体重过高的女性新陈代谢较快，需要更多的荷尔蒙以防止受孕。而且，避孕药有溶脂作用，可能“呆”在体内贮存脂肪的地方，无法到达应该到的血液中真正发生作用。要是你的体重超过58公斤，最好请大夫推荐其他更为可靠的办法，如宫内避孕器，或避孕药和避孕套双管齐下，确保万无一失。
 

　　秘密2：宫内避孕器(IUD)，只有1%的失败率

 
　　实际上，有不少相当有效的避孕方法不为你知晓，从来不曾想像过，也没人向你推荐过。好奇吗?宫内避孕器(IUD)即其中一例。这是置入子宫内的T状小型避孕器，由灵活的软塑料制成，必须由大夫帮助你嵌入体内。之后， 即使卵子已经受精，也不会在子宫里着床成长，只要没什么异常，一两年不管都可以， 且不会给性爱添麻烦，非常方便。一旦置入，你大可忘掉它的存在，不仅没有其他避孕药可能带来的荷尔蒙类副作用，而且效果极佳——每年只有1%的失败率。
 
　　有骨盆病史的女性不主张使用IUD，它可能恶化细菌感染。其他不宜人群：有极度子宫后屈、子宫内膜炎、输卵管炎、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤等妇科疾病者;月经量和分泌物过多者。
 
　　正确操作： 由大夫诊察→判断是否适用→选择形状→选择时间(月经后几天，最迟不超过一周) →请大夫操作→每年检查一次。
 

　　秘密3：避孕套的隐患，感染性病的危险性加大

 
　　多数避孕套都是用杀精子的nonnoxynol-9制成，它对防止性病感染不仅无效，反而可能加大感染艾滋病和其他性传染病的危险。其工作原理是通过破坏精子细胞薄膜达到避孕的目的，在此过程中，阴道边缘的保护膜也可能一同遭破坏。美国药品管理局认为，由于细胞受破坏，用避孕套感染性病的危险性加大，正考虑在含有杀精成分的成品上贴警告标签。
 
　　使用得当，以免后患：指尖捏住顶端的小口袋，排除里面空气，如有空气残留， 顶端鼓起，中途可能脱落。套在勃起的生殖器上，将卷曲部分一圈圈打开，不要卷入阴毛，不要有褶皱。从性交一开始就戴上效果更好。 注意使用后的处理方式，抽出时要按住根部慢慢拉出，否则可能脱落在阴道内。射精后暂时不离开身体的话，男性生殖器会缩小，有流出精液的危险。
 
 

　　秘密4：口服避孕药，服药时间严格

 
　　口服避孕药原理是通过服用性激素，人工制造类似妊娠状态，抑制排卵。如果用法正确，是一种能获得极佳避孕效果的避孕药品。其特点是效果可靠，使用简便。但因含有雌激素，应先接受大夫诊察和判断才可服用。开始服用时，无须等整整一个月就会见效，不一定非要从某个星期日开始。或许很多人听说过最神奇的数字是7日，这纯属子虚乌有!服药一周后，还需采取一些辅助措施(如避孕套)。
 
　　荷尔蒙对防止排卵很有效，之后，你大可忙着寻欢作乐，不必担心有“漏网之鱼”，当然，别忘了前提条件是你和他都没有性病史。 不管药品包装上标明了哪些注意事项， 你可从每周的任何一天开始服用，关键是要日数无误，不漏服。务必从星期日开始的说法在医学上站不住脚， 如果有此说明，也只是为了防止女性周末不来月经。如果已经服药，但又想调整开始的日期， 如何做最稳妥? “宽心药”将导致停经，不必算着某个星期日才开始新一轮，可提早服用，任何一天， 只要你愿意。其失败的原因多是因为忘记服用。
 
　　记住：一片药的效力只能持续24小时，过48小时后效力为0。如果忘记，36小时内还算安全，要赶服一片，以后仍按规定服用。两天以上忘服者，可中止，等下次月经后重新开始。可能的副作用：服用期恶心，因为身体会对妊娠状态起反应，10-15日消失; 初期可能发胖，有不正常的出血现象。长期服用者，应该避免立即妊娠，至少间隔4个月左右的时间比较好。
 

　　秘密5：普通避孕产品与知名品牌，避孕效果一样吗?

 
　　普通避孕产品比知名品牌至少便宜60%，因而吸引力更大一些。但有专家认为，没有任何证据可说明二者的效果一样安全。这么说，是不是服用普通产品导致“意外怀孕”的几率就大很多呢? 没人敢肯定。避孕这样严肃的事情，任何猜想都是不允许存在的。专家当然不反对你使用普通产品，但应记住这有异于头疼病，服一种药不见效，还可换另一种药。避孕药的验证风险太大，只有等身体内多出个麻烦的”东西”时你才知道管不管用。
 
　　以上信息你或许早已听说，了解它们之前千万不要盲动!月经期间仍可能受孕。性交后，精子在女性体内尚能存活5天，如果停经后马上排卵，那么月经期间性交仍有可能怀孕。
 

 

　　秘密6：更多荷尔蒙类选择

 
　　时下，市场上流行两种新式产品：避孕贴膏和避孕环， 与口服药一样有效，甚至更为安全，无需每天费心去记日子。避孕贴膏是长一寸宽半寸的黏性贴膏， 每月在臀部、腹部、躯体或上胳膊处贴三周， 它通过皮肤表层向体内释放防止排卵的荷尔蒙。避孕环是一种很灵活的环儿，含荷尔蒙，嵌入阴道内，置放三周，取下来一周，月经会如期到来。可能的不适反应：阴道排泄物增加，有炎症或疼痛。但只要使用方法得当， 这两种产品能保证99%的成功率。

 

　　秘密7：避孕期间受孕几率比想像的大

 
　　当大夫告诉你避孕用品多么多么有效时，是基于“用法得当”前提的，比如坚持长期使用，保证每一时间每一步骤正确。从科学角度讲，避孕药的有效率是99% ，这就是说在一年时间内，每100位用药者中只可能有一位出纰漏，避孕套的有效率是97%。然而，在实际应用中，二者的真正有效率分别为94%和86%。为确保避孕药有效，每天应在同一时间服用。与日常生活结合起来，可帮助你更好地记住时间，如每天清晨刷完牙后服用。万一忘了服用，仔细阅读注意事项，看看怎么做才能加以弥补，以免前功尽弃。选择避孕套的女性如果分泌液少，可涂一些润滑软膏配合使用，紧紧固定，防止滑落，效果更佳。

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