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不为人知 被隐瞒的7个避孕秘密

发布日期:2024-07-14 11:09:37编辑:秩名

产后避孕
我们所知道的避孕常识,大部分来自于广告和网络,比如避孕药、避孕套,宫内避孕器等。很少有专业的妇科医生给我们专业的建议。这或许是因为,中国女性每年一度的妇科检查并没有引起重视,只是随便应付一下。或许是医生的日程排的很满,没有时间细细给你介绍,又或许是你自己根本没有提出疑问。
 
  对于已经生完孩子的女性来说,避孕是一个很严肃的话题,因为三年抱俩并不是一个好选择,尤其对剖腹产的女性来说。在实际操作过程中,避孕方法不可能做到100%的安全,也不可能防止感染性病,但下列7个知之不全的事实却很可能对你的生活产生严重的影响。
 

  秘密1:体重≥58公斤,服避孕药有60%可能失败

 
  介于18-39岁年龄段的女性,如果体重等于或大于58公斤,口服避孕药有60%可能失败,尤其是雌性激素指标偏低者。体重过高的女性新陈代谢较快,需要更多的荷尔蒙以防止受孕。而且,避孕药有溶脂作用,可能“呆”在体内贮存脂肪的地方,无法到达应该到的血液中真正发生作用。要是你的体重超过58公斤,最好请大夫推荐其他更为可靠的办法,如宫内避孕器,或避孕药和避孕套双管齐下,确保万无一失。
 

  秘密2:宫内避孕器(IUD),只有1%的失败率

 
  实际上,有不少相当有效的避孕方法不为你知晓,从来不曾想像过,也没人向你推荐过。好奇吗?宫内避孕器(IUD)即其中一例。这是置入子宫内的T状小型避孕器,由灵活的软塑料制成,必须由大夫帮助你嵌入体内。之后, 即使卵子已经受精,也不会在子宫里着床成长,只要没什么异常,一两年不管都可以, 且不会给性爱添麻烦,非常方便。一旦置入,你大可忘掉它的存在,不仅没有其他避孕药可能带来的荷尔蒙类副作用,而且效果极佳——每年只有1%的失败率。
 
  有骨盆病史的女性不主张使用IUD,它可能恶化细菌感染。其他不宜人群:有极度子宫后屈、子宫内膜炎、输卵管炎、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤等妇科疾病者;月经量和分泌物过多者。
 
  正确操作: 由大夫诊察→判断是否适用→选择形状→选择时间(月经后几天,最迟不超过一周) →请大夫操作→每年检查一次。
 

  秘密3:避孕套的隐患,感染性病的危险性加大

 
  多数避孕套都是用杀精子的nonnoxynol-9制成,它对防止性病感染不仅无效,反而可能加大感染艾滋病和其他性传染病的危险。其工作原理是通过破坏精子细胞薄膜达到避孕的目的,在此过程中,阴道边缘的保护膜也可能一同遭破坏。美国药品管理局认为,由于细胞受破坏,用避孕套感染性病的危险性加大,正考虑在含有杀精成分的成品上贴警告标签。
 
  使用得当,以免后患:指尖捏住顶端的小口袋,排除里面空气,如有空气残留, 顶端鼓起,中途可能脱落。套在勃起的生殖器上,将卷曲部分一圈圈打开,不要卷入阴毛,不要有褶皱。从性交一开始就戴上效果更好。 注意使用后的处理方式,抽出时要按住根部慢慢拉出,否则可能脱落在阴道内。射精后暂时不离开身体的话,男性生殖器会缩小,有流出精液的危险。
 
 

  秘密4:口服避孕药,服药时间严格

 
  口服避孕药原理是通过服用性激素,人工制造类似妊娠状态,抑制排卵。如果用法正确,是一种能获得极佳避孕效果的避孕药品。其特点是效果可靠,使用简便。但因含有雌激素,应先接受大夫诊察和判断才可服用。开始服用时,无须等整整一个月就会见效,不一定非要从某个星期日开始。或许很多人听说过最神奇的数字是7日,这纯属子虚乌有!服药一周后,还需采取一些辅助措施(如避孕套)。
 
  荷尔蒙对防止排卵很有效,之后,你大可忙着寻欢作乐,不必担心有“漏网之鱼”,当然,别忘了前提条件是你和他都没有性病史。 不管药品包装上标明了哪些注意事项, 你可从每周的任何一天开始服用,关键是要日数无误,不漏服。务必从星期日开始的说法在医学上站不住脚, 如果有此说明,也只是为了防止女性周末不来月经。如果已经服药,但又想调整开始的日期, 如何做最稳妥? “宽心药”将导致停经,不必算着某个星期日才开始新一轮,可提早服用,任何一天, 只要你愿意。其失败的原因多是因为忘记服用。
 
  记住:一片药的效力只能持续24小时,过48小时后效力为0。如果忘记,36小时内还算安全,要赶服一片,以后仍按规定服用。两天以上忘服者,可中止,等下次月经后重新开始。可能的副作用:服用期恶心,因为身体会对妊娠状态起反应,10-15日消失; 初期可能发胖,有不正常的出血现象。长期服用者,应该避免立即妊娠,至少间隔4个月左右的时间比较好。
 

  秘密5:普通避孕产品与知名品牌,避孕效果一样吗?

 
  普通避孕产品比知名品牌至少便宜60%,因而吸引力更大一些。但有专家认为,没有任何证据可说明二者的效果一样安全。这么说,是不是服用普通产品导致“意外怀孕”的几率就大很多呢? 没人敢肯定。避孕这样严肃的事情,任何猜想都是不允许存在的。专家当然不反对你使用普通产品,但应记住这有异于头疼病,服一种药不见效,还可换另一种药。避孕药的验证风险太大,只有等身体内多出个麻烦的”东西”时你才知道管不管用。
 
  以上信息你或许早已听说,了解它们之前千万不要盲动!月经期间仍可能受孕。性交后,精子在女性体内尚能存活5天,如果停经后马上排卵,那么月经期间性交仍有可能怀孕。
 

 

  秘密6:更多荷尔蒙类选择

 
  时下,市场上流行两种新式产品:避孕贴膏和避孕环, 与口服药一样有效,甚至更为安全,无需每天费心去记日子。避孕贴膏是长一寸宽半寸的黏性贴膏, 每月在臀部、腹部、躯体或上胳膊处贴三周, 它通过皮肤表层向体内释放防止排卵的荷尔蒙。避孕环是一种很灵活的环儿,含荷尔蒙,嵌入阴道内,置放三周,取下来一周,月经会如期到来。可能的不适反应:阴道排泄物增加,有炎症或疼痛。但只要使用方法得当, 这两种产品能保证99%的成功率。

 

  秘密7:避孕期间受孕几率比想像的大

 
  当大夫告诉你避孕用品多么多么有效时,是基于“用法得当”前提的,比如坚持长期使用,保证每一时间每一步骤正确。从科学角度讲,避孕药的有效率是99% ,这就是说在一年时间内,每100位用药者中只可能有一位出纰漏,避孕套的有效率是97%。然而,在实际应用中,二者的真正有效率分别为94%和86%。为确保避孕药有效,每天应在同一时间服用。与日常生活结合起来,可帮助你更好地记住时间,如每天清晨刷完牙后服用。万一忘了服用,仔细阅读注意事项,看看怎么做才能加以弥补,以免前功尽弃。选择避孕套的女性如果分泌液少,可涂一些润滑软膏配合使用,紧紧固定,防止滑落,效果更佳。

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