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新手宝妈在怀孕期间容易抑郁嘛?如何预防孕期抑郁?

发布日期:2024-06-13 01:32:28编辑:秩名


什么是孕期抑郁

孕期抑郁是指孕妇在妊娠期间经常会出现情绪失控、喜怒无常、注意力不集中、疲惫无食欲等症状的一种精神疾病。一般有过家族或个人抑郁史、夫妻关系紧张或沉沦在孕期焦虑情绪的孕妇容易有孕期抑郁的情况。
 
怀孕期间体内激素水平的显著变化,可以影响大脑中调节情绪的神经传递素的变化。激素的变化将会使孕妇变得更容易感觉焦虑。因此,当孕妇开始感觉比以往更易焦虑和抑郁时,应注意提醒自己,这些都是怀孕期间的正常反应,以免为此陷入痛苦和失望的情绪中不能自拔。很多妇科医生都忽视了对孕期抑郁症的诊断和治疗,而简单地把孕妇的沮丧抑郁,归结为一时的情绪失调。其实,如果没有得到充分重视和及时治疗,孕期抑郁症也具有相当危险性,它会使孕妇照料自己和胎儿的能力受到影响,并给妇婴带来不良后果。
 
孕期抑郁常见于以下人群:
 
1、怀孕具有一定危险性的孕妇;
 
2、通过药物等手段怀孕的孕妇;
 
3、有过流产经历的孕妇;
 
4、生活有重大变动的孕妇;
 
5、曾经有过痛苦经历的孕妇。
 
符合上面提到的人群条件的孕妇,家里人应该要多注意孕妇的心理变化,多陪陪孕妇,尽量营造轻松愉悦的气氛让孕妇情绪放轻松。
 

孕期抑郁的原因

产生孕期抑郁的症状是有一定的原因的,要想预防或治疗孕期抑郁的症状,就必须要好好了解清楚孕期抑郁的发生原因。不少专家认为,孕期荷尔蒙的变化是导致孕期抑郁的其中一个原因。可是每个孕妇妊娠期间荷尔蒙都会发生变化,为什么有些孕妇会有孕期抑郁有些却没有,这证明还有其他一些原因导致孕期抑郁的发生。下面来了解下这些原因有哪些。
 
1、人际关系问题,特别是和配偶关系紧张的时候更容易导致不良的情绪。
 
2、个人或家族中有患忧郁症的病史。如果你的家族中有患忧郁症的病史,或你自己曾经得过,那么你在孕期就更有可能患病。
 
3、生活压力大。工作上的压力、生活经济的压力、一些重大事件或人生转折都有可能引发孕期忧郁症。
 
4、怀孕期间的不适。比如严重的孕吐也可能给你的情绪带来负面影响,或者身体收到其他疾病的困扰和影响,从而可能导致孕期忧郁症。
 
5、长期受孕困难或流产经历。如果你是经过了千难万苦才得以成功受孕,或曾经有过流产的经历,你可能会对自己能否安然度过这次孕期感到忧心忡忡。这样的孕妇容易患孕期忧郁症。
 
6、受虐待史。以前如果有受过虐待的不愉快经历,那么怀孕可能会使你回想起这些痛苦的往事而导致情绪低落。你无法控制身体的改变可能使你过去无助的感受再度涌现,并以孕期忧郁症的形式表现出来。
 

孕期抑郁的表现

很多人容易把孕妇抑郁和孕期的焦虑情绪混淆,两种都是悲观的情绪,可是影响却大不同。只要认真观察,孕期抑郁的表现和孕期焦虑情绪还是有所区别的。
 
孕期抑郁的孕妇常会有以下的情绪表现:
 
1、注意力无法集中,记忆力减退。
 
2、脾气变得很暴躁,非常容易生气。
 
3、总是感到焦虑、迷茫。
 
4、不停地想吃东西或者毫无食欲。
 
5、睡眠质量很差,爱做梦,醒来后仍感到疲倦。
 
6、非常容易疲劳或有持续的疲劳感。
 
7、持续的情绪低落,莫明其妙地想哭。
 
8、对什么都不感兴趣,懒洋洋的,总是提不起精神。
 
情绪起伏很大,喜怒无常如果其中的一或两种情况在近期特别严重,家人要引起高度的重视,要及时为孕期抑郁的孕妇缓解这样的情绪。一般情绪起伏和喜怒无常情况比较严重的极端者可能会选择逃避甚至用自杀的方式解决,有的孕妇还会在产后对婴儿产生逆反心理,自动放弃抚育孩子的责任等。
 

孕期抑郁怎么办

发现孕妇患了孕期抑郁症千万不要慌,孕期抑郁并不可怕,只要小心处理,孕妇还是可以恢复愉快的心境。孕期抑郁怎么办?下面妈网百科推荐几种轻松赶走孕期抑郁的方法。
 
1、尽量使自己放松:多做一些会使自己感觉愉快的事情。照顾好自己,是孕育一个健康可爱宝宝的首要前提。
 
2、和丈夫多交流:保证每天有足够的时间和配偶在一起,并保持亲昵的交流。尽你所能来使你们的关系更加牢不可破,孩子降生后,你会有坚强的后盾,可以放心依靠。
 
3、不良的情绪要适当表达出来:如果有恐惧或担忧的情绪,可以向丈夫或者好友们倾诉,让他们给予你一定的精神支持和安慰。
 
4、学会调节压力:不要让你的生活充满挫败感。时时注意调整你的情绪。深呼吸,充分睡眠,多做运动,注意营养。
 
5、病情严重的孕妇要进行积极治疗:如果发现自己做了很多的努力却没办法改善抑郁的状况,那么应该马上去寻求医生的帮助,配合医生积极地治疗。孕妇也可以去看一下专业精神科专家,以免病情延误,给自己和胎儿带来不良后果。
 

孕期抑郁对胎儿有影响吗

孕期抑郁是会对胎儿产生一定的影响的。孕期抑郁一般孕妇的情绪会搏动比较大,孕妇情绪波动对胎儿会有很大影响。孕期抑郁会对胎儿有什么影响呢?下面来了解一下孕期抑郁对胎儿的危害。
 
1、根据临床研究发现,孕妇在怀孕4~10周情绪过度不安,可能导致胎儿口唇畸变、出现颚裂性兔唇。
 
2、孕妇精神状态的突然变化,如惊吓、恐惧、忧伤或其他原因引起的精神过度紧张,能使大脑皮层与内脏之间的平衡关系失调,引起循环系统功能紊乱,导致胎盘早期剥离,甚至造成胎儿死亡。
 
3、当情绪不安时,胎动次数会较平常多三倍,甚至高达正常的十倍,如胎儿长期不安、体力消耗过多,出生时往往会比一般婴儿体重轻一公斤左右,如孕妇与人争吵后三周内情绪一直不能平伏下来,其胎动次数会较之前增加一倍。
 
4、在怀孕期的情绪长期受到压抑,婴儿出生后往往出现身体功能失调,特别是消化系统功能特别容易出现紊乱,
 
5、孕妇的情绪起伏大会刺激神经系统分泌不同的激素,透过血液进入胎儿体内,从而影响胎儿的身心健康。
 

怎么预防孕期抑郁

孕期抑郁是可以预防,为了避免孕妇妊娠期间出现抑郁的症状而影响自身和胎儿的健康,孕妇可以通过以下事项来防止孕期抑郁的发生。
 
1、尽量使自己放松,放弃那种想要在婴儿出生以前把一切打点周全的想法。
 
2、怀孕的时候,应该试着看看小说,在床上吃可口早餐,去树林里散散步,尽量多做一些会使孕妇感觉愉快的事情。
 
3、注意和配偶和朋友家人多多交流,让他们分担你的压力,也把自己的焦虑与不安向他们诉说,从而缓解自己的压力。
 
4、妻子怀孕后,丈夫应该多加留意妻子的身心变化,尽可能地关心她、体贴她,陪同妻子到医院检查,主动承担家务,妻子遇到不开心的事,努力帮助开解。一旦发现妻子患有产前抑郁症的倾向,应该马上去找心理医生或者妇产科医生进行咨询。
 
5、孕妇最好的休息形式即是睡眠,通过适当的睡眠解除疲劳,使体力与脑力得到恢复。如果睡眠不足,可引起疲劳过度、食欲下降、营养不足、身体抵抗力下降、增加孕妇和胎儿感染的机会,造成多种疾病发生。
 
6、学会自我调节情绪,放松心情,比如适当参加一些户外运动,如短途旅游、做孕妇操等,参与一些社交活动,同时保持充足的孕期营养,足够的营养和充分的休息能够避免心理疾病的发生。

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