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这8种错误母乳观念，不知害了多少人！

发布日期：2024-07-04 10:07:31编辑：胖虎爱撩妹

“母乳喂养对宝宝有益”的观念虽然已经深入人心，但是很多新手妈妈却因为存在种种认识或做法上的误区，导致不能坚持母乳喂养。今天我们来纠正这些常见误区。
 
误区1 母乳6个月后就没营养了
 
我们常常听到说，母乳6个月后就没有营养了，或者有些人会说宝宝一岁后就没有营养了。其实母乳的营养一直在变化，宝宝初生、几周、一岁甚至更大的时候，母乳的成分是不同的，甚至每一天不同的时间，母乳也会发生变化。母乳是根据宝宝身体的需求产生的，宝宝的需求在变，母乳也在变。
 
宝宝在不同的发育阶段，有不同的需求，初生到三四个月的时候，宝宝长得特别快，所以母乳里的脂肪含量也特别高。这个时候如果把奶挤出来，可以看到奶水特别白、浓，这样的奶营养特别丰富。
 
而宝宝1~3岁时，他的生长速度减慢，对营养的要求不如以前高，所以母乳的营养成分也没以前高，脂肪含量降低，奶水也就没这么浓了。妈妈大可放心，不同阶段的母乳都是专门为宝宝该阶段而配方生产的，里面的成分最适合宝宝的生长，比起任何别的辅食，如蔬菜、水果、稀饭、肉，母乳的营养价值是最高的。
 
当然了，宝宝半岁以后，开始吃辅食，身体上也有这个需求，所以宝宝在这个阶段可以开始加辅食。刚开始加的时候，不要加太多，因为宝宝一岁以内，奶还是主食。
 
误区2 乳房不胀了，乳汁不够了
 
三、四个月以后，有些妈妈发现乳房不胀了，就担心是奶不够，其实是妈妈的乳房跟宝宝达到供需平衡了，所以乳房是软的。妈妈刚生完宝宝时，她的产奶荷尔蒙会骤然增高，产奶量比宝宝的需求要多，所以乳房常常发涨，需要挤掉一些。
 
但挤的时候不要挤光，可以留一点，这样妈妈的产奶量和宝宝的需求才会达到平衡；如果每次都挤光，那产奶就会一直供大于求，因为妈妈的乳房会以为宝宝需要这么多奶。如果奶太多，妈妈可以用卷心菜的叶子放在乳罩里，或者喝薄荷茶来减少奶量。当妈妈和宝宝达到产奶供需的平衡时，乳房就不会胀了，会觉得比较舒适。除非宝宝多睡一小时，妈妈才会觉得有点胀。
 
误区3 一定要一边喝10~15分钟，再换一边
 
其实不需要，国际母乳会提倡的是：让宝宝自己决定什么时候不吃一边，再换另一边。当他自己不吃了，或者睡着了，你可以试一下让他吃吃第二边，有的宝宝会吃，有的宝宝不需要吃了，不用强迫他。
 
 
有的妈妈乳房容量没有别的妈妈大，宝宝吃一边没有吃饱，那就要吃两边，或者一边要吃很长时间，这都没有关系。而有的妈妈，她的宝宝胃口小，她的乳房容量偏偏是大的，那宝宝只要吃一边就够了。乳房容量、宝宝胃容量、成长的因素、基因，有很多因素会导致宝宝吃奶的方式不一样。所以还是那句老话“看孩子，别看表”。宝宝会告诉我们，他什么时候吃饱了，什么时候还要吃。
 
误区4 吃到后面乳房瘪瘪了，就没有乳汁了
 
虽然到后面乳房瘪瘪了，但还会有喷乳反射，宝宝还是会吃到很多奶。因为你的血液一直在循环，所以乳房会一直产乳。后面虽然乳流量变慢了，但会一直产奶，而且现产的奶脂肪含量高，会很浓很白，宝宝可能不需要喝很多就饱了，就好比是吃了很多奶油。
 
误区5 每次宝宝吃完，都要把剩下的乳汁挤出
 
这也是个误区。越挤奶越多，但奶太多了，也会有些问题，比如得乳腺炎、乳腺闭塞。另外，如果奶太多了，通常没有喝到后乳，宝宝就饱了，所以大便可能是绿色的，会有泡沫，会觉得胀气；而且前乳比较稀，宝宝就会频繁要求喝奶，这样喝的次数越多，妈妈就挤得越多，挤得越多奶也越多，形成恶性循环。
 
我们鼓励妈妈自然一点，不用挤得太多，除非是太胀，就稍微挤一点，挤到乳房软一点就可以了。
 
误区6 上班了，乳汁的质量就变差了
 
奶还是同样有营养的，只是精神压力大的时候，会减少产奶量。但这一般都是一时的，因为压力是会过去的，加上周末和宝宝呆在一起，产奶量就回升了。
 
 
 
如果确实是奶量少了，那妈妈就需要花几天时间频繁地挤下奶。不用挤太长时间，每1.5小时挤5分钟。或周末除了频繁地喂宝宝，每次喂完后再挤1分钟。另外可以吃点药催奶，效果也非常好。
 
误区7 奶不够要留着、存着
 
这是很大的误区，奶是越挤越多的。其实不是个奶量，而是个产奶速度的问题。很多妈妈认为我的奶量就这么多，其实是产奶的速度的问题：空的乳房产奶速度快，满的乳房速度慢，如果频繁排空乳房，产奶速度会快很多。
 
其实我们身体的各种液体都在经历循环，比如你的口水有没有感觉不够的时候？很少，因为你的口水是按照你的需求来产生的，吃东西的时候就产生得多。乳汁也是一样的，宝宝吃的时候就产，不吃就不产，吃得多就产得多。所以妈妈要有信心产奶。
 
误区8 宝宝睡觉不好，醒好几次，是因为奶不够
 
在早期，特别是前两个月，宝宝频繁吃，有几个原因：
 
一是胃很小，才小玻璃球这么大，几天后可能比乒乓球大一点，他的胃那么小，母乳又很容易吸收，所以吃了没多久肚子很快又空了；
 
二是宝宝的成长速度非常快，前三四个月每周长170克左右，半岁内体重会翻倍，所以宝宝对奶的需求量会比较大；
 
再就是第一年是大脑发育最快的阶段，所以宝宝的轻睡眠比较多，沉睡眠比较少；另外加上宝宝在帮妈妈催奶，也会经常有吸奶的要求。
 
所以不用担心奶不够，妈妈只要按照宝宝的需求来做就可以了。第一个月，就享受和宝宝互相信赖的感觉。我们看到小狗小猫也是粘在妈妈身上，可以调整一下思维，宝宝这么小没几天，不妨也让他粘在妈妈胸上，妈妈不要穿乳罩，他听到妈妈的呼吸心跳，会很有安全，也会睡得更好，等他醒来就直接吸奶。这样很好很舒服，皮肤对皮肤的接触也可以使妈妈奶产得更多。

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