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这8种错误母乳观念,不知害了多少人!

发布日期:2024-07-04 10:07:31编辑:胖虎爱撩妹

“母乳喂养对宝宝有益”的观念虽然已经深入人心,但是很多新手妈妈却因为存在种种认识或做法上的误区,导致不能坚持母乳喂养。今天我们来纠正这些常见误区。
 
误区1 母乳6个月后就没营养了
 
我们常常听到说,母乳6个月后就没有营养了,或者有些人会说宝宝一岁后就没有营养了。其实母乳的营养一直在变化,宝宝初生、几周、一岁甚至更大的时候,母乳的成分是不同的,甚至每一天不同的时间,母乳也会发生变化。母乳是根据宝宝身体的需求产生的,宝宝的需求在变,母乳也在变。
 
宝宝在不同的发育阶段,有不同的需求,初生到三四个月的时候,宝宝长得特别快,所以母乳里的脂肪含量也特别高。这个时候如果把奶挤出来,可以看到奶水特别白、浓,这样的奶营养特别丰富。
 
而宝宝1~3岁时,他的生长速度减慢,对营养的要求不如以前高,所以母乳的营养成分也没以前高,脂肪含量降低,奶水也就没这么浓了。妈妈大可放心,不同阶段的母乳都是专门为宝宝该阶段而配方生产的,里面的成分最适合宝宝的生长,比起任何别的辅食,如蔬菜、水果、稀饭、肉,母乳的营养价值是最高的。
 
当然了,宝宝半岁以后,开始吃辅食,身体上也有这个需求,所以宝宝在这个阶段可以开始加辅食。刚开始加的时候,不要加太多,因为宝宝一岁以内,奶还是主食。
 
误区2 乳房不胀了,乳汁不够了
 
三、四个月以后,有些妈妈发现乳房不胀了,就担心是奶不够,其实是妈妈的乳房跟宝宝达到供需平衡了,所以乳房是软的。妈妈刚生完宝宝时,她的产奶荷尔蒙会骤然增高,产奶量比宝宝的需求要多,所以乳房常常发涨,需要挤掉一些。
 
但挤的时候不要挤光,可以留一点,这样妈妈的产奶量和宝宝的需求才会达到平衡;如果每次都挤光,那产奶就会一直供大于求,因为妈妈的乳房会以为宝宝需要这么多奶。如果奶太多,妈妈可以用卷心菜的叶子放在乳罩里,或者喝薄荷茶来减少奶量。当妈妈和宝宝达到产奶供需的平衡时,乳房就不会胀了,会觉得比较舒适。除非宝宝多睡一小时,妈妈才会觉得有点胀。
 
误区3 一定要一边喝10~15分钟,再换一边
 
其实不需要,国际母乳会提倡的是:让宝宝自己决定什么时候不吃一边,再换另一边。当他自己不吃了,或者睡着了,你可以试一下让他吃吃第二边,有的宝宝会吃,有的宝宝不需要吃了,不用强迫他。
 
 
有的妈妈乳房容量没有别的妈妈大,宝宝吃一边没有吃饱,那就要吃两边,或者一边要吃很长时间,这都没有关系。而有的妈妈,她的宝宝胃口小,她的乳房容量偏偏是大的,那宝宝只要吃一边就够了。乳房容量、宝宝胃容量、成长的因素、基因,有很多因素会导致宝宝吃奶的方式不一样。所以还是那句老话“看孩子,别看表”。宝宝会告诉我们,他什么时候吃饱了,什么时候还要吃。
 
误区4 吃到后面乳房瘪瘪了,就没有乳汁了
 
虽然到后面乳房瘪瘪了,但还会有喷乳反射,宝宝还是会吃到很多奶。因为你的血液一直在循环,所以乳房会一直产乳。后面虽然乳流量变慢了,但会一直产奶,而且现产的奶脂肪含量高,会很浓很白,宝宝可能不需要喝很多就饱了,就好比是吃了很多奶油。
 
误区5 每次宝宝吃完,都要把剩下的乳汁挤出
 
这也是个误区。越挤奶越多,但奶太多了,也会有些问题,比如得乳腺炎、乳腺闭塞。另外,如果奶太多了,通常没有喝到后乳,宝宝就饱了,所以大便可能是绿色的,会有泡沫,会觉得胀气;而且前乳比较稀,宝宝就会频繁要求喝奶,这样喝的次数越多,妈妈就挤得越多,挤得越多奶也越多,形成恶性循环。
 
我们鼓励妈妈自然一点,不用挤得太多,除非是太胀,就稍微挤一点,挤到乳房软一点就可以了。
 
误区6 上班了,乳汁的质量就变差了
 
奶还是同样有营养的,只是精神压力大的时候,会减少产奶量。但这一般都是一时的,因为压力是会过去的,加上周末和宝宝呆在一起,产奶量就回升了。
 
 
 
如果确实是奶量少了,那妈妈就需要花几天时间频繁地挤下奶。不用挤太长时间,每1.5小时挤5分钟。或周末除了频繁地喂宝宝,每次喂完后再挤1分钟。另外可以吃点药催奶,效果也非常好。
 
误区7 奶不够要留着、存着
 
这是很大的误区,奶是越挤越多的。其实不是个奶量,而是个产奶速度的问题。很多妈妈认为我的奶量就这么多,其实是产奶的速度的问题:空的乳房产奶速度快,满的乳房速度慢,如果频繁排空乳房,产奶速度会快很多。
 
其实我们身体的各种液体都在经历循环,比如你的口水有没有感觉不够的时候?很少,因为你的口水是按照你的需求来产生的,吃东西的时候就产生得多。乳汁也是一样的,宝宝吃的时候就产,不吃就不产,吃得多就产得多。所以妈妈要有信心产奶。
 
误区8 宝宝睡觉不好,醒好几次,是因为奶不够
 
在早期,特别是前两个月,宝宝频繁吃,有几个原因:
 
一是胃很小,才小玻璃球这么大,几天后可能比乒乓球大一点,他的胃那么小,母乳又很容易吸收,所以吃了没多久肚子很快又空了;
 
二是宝宝的成长速度非常快,前三四个月每周长170克左右,半岁内体重会翻倍,所以宝宝对奶的需求量会比较大;
 
再就是第一年是大脑发育最快的阶段,所以宝宝的轻睡眠比较多,沉睡眠比较少;另外加上宝宝在帮妈妈催奶,也会经常有吸奶的要求。
 
所以不用担心奶不够,妈妈只要按照宝宝的需求来做就可以了。第一个月,就享受和宝宝互相信赖的感觉。我们看到小狗小猫也是粘在妈妈身上,可以调整一下思维,宝宝这么小没几天,不妨也让他粘在妈妈胸上,妈妈不要穿乳罩,他听到妈妈的呼吸心跳,会很有安全,也会睡得更好,等他醒来就直接吸奶。这样很好很舒服,皮肤对皮肤的接触也可以使妈妈奶产得更多。

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