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刚出生的婴儿母乳喂养的正确方法?

发布日期:2024-06-30 10:24:43编辑:秩名


新生儿母乳喂养方法

母乳喂养实际上有很多学问需要新妈妈逐渐去学习和掌握,比如说正确的哺乳姿势,如何让宝宝顺利的衔住乳头,另外母乳喂养还会遇到很多难题。下面我们将一起谈谈新生儿母乳喂养方法。
 
1、时间:目前主张产后立即喂奶,正常足月新生儿出生半小时内就可让母亲喂奶,这样既可防止新生儿低血糖又可促进母乳分泌。孩子吸吮乳头还可刺激母体分泌乳汁,为母乳喂养开个好头。早喂奶能使母亲减少产后出血。
 
2、方法:正确的哺乳方法,应将一手的拇指和其余四指分别放在乳房的上、下方,并把乳房托起成直锥形,而且穆婴必须紧密相贴,头与双肩朝向乳房。哺乳时母亲身体一定要放松,身体略向前倾,用手掌根部托起婴儿颈背部,四指支撑婴儿头部。喂母乳时无论白天和夜间都要把孩子抱起来喂,吃空一侧汁排空了才能更好地刺激乳腺再分泌。喂奶前要将乳头洗干净,先挤出几滴,然后再让孩子吃。
 
3、哺乳的次数:新生儿出生后就应开始哺乳,并实行按需要不定时喂哺。婴儿出生后的4—8天最需频繁哺乳以促使母乳量迅速增多。对于嗜睡或安静的婴儿,应在白天给予频繁哺乳,以满足其生长发育所需的营养。
 
4、夜间喂奶:产后有疲乏,加上白天不断地给孩子喂奶、换尿布,到了夜里母亲就非常瞌睡。夜间遇到孩子哭闹,母亲会觉得很烦,有时把奶头往孩子的嘴里一塞,孩子吃到奶也就不哭了,母亲可能又睡着了,这是十分危险的。因为孩子吃奶时与母亲靠得很近,熟睡的母亲即便是乳房压住了孩子的鼻孔也不知道,这样悲剧就有可能发生,为避免这种事情的发生,母亲夜间喂奶时最好能坐起。
 

新生儿母乳喂养的保存时间

有些妈妈休完产假,要重新回到岗位上工作,但为了宝宝能够健康成长,当上了一名背奶妈妈。背奶妈妈除了要考虑如何挤奶的问题,还要考虑母乳的保存问题。
 
一般来说,母乳保存有两种,一种是妈妈在公司里面上班,因为公司没有冷藏设备,只能常温保存母乳。常温保存下的母乳保存时间较短,妈妈要注意在存放母乳的瓶子上标注好时间,避免宝宝喝到过期的母乳而导致消化道疾病的发生。
 
母乳常温保存时间:
 
初乳(产后6天之内挤出的奶):27—32℃室温内可保存12个小时。
 
成熟母乳(产后6天以后挤出的奶):15℃室温内可保存24小时;19—22℃室温内可保存10小时;25℃室温内可保存6小时。
 
储存过的母乳会分解,形成乳水、乳脂两个分离的层次,看上去有点发蓝、发黄或者发棕色,这都是正常现象。给宝宝喂食前,妈妈要先摇匀,使水乳合为一体。
 

新生儿母乳喂养需要注意什么

现在有很多妈妈都建议母乳喂养,母乳喂养是最天然的喂养方式,对宝宝和妈妈们来说都是最好的一种喂养方法。但是对于新手爸妈们来说,有很多事情都是需要注意的。新生儿母乳喂养注意事项有哪些?
 
一、及时让婴儿吸吮乳头
 
对产妇和乳房充盈都是十分重要的。分娩之后尽快给宝宝喂奶,这样可以刺激乳汁分泌。最好是在分娩后第一个小时之内,之后每当宝宝出现饿的迹象就给他喂一次奶。
 
二、注意夜间喂养
 
白天让婴儿有足够的哺乳次数外,还应注意夜间喂养。夜间泌乳素的产生是白天的50倍。有利于泌乳系统分泌更多的泌乳素,既有利于增加乳汁,乳母康复,也有利于增进母子感情。母乳喂养时,经常会因为其他事情的发生而中途停顿,比如需要接电话等,此时如果有一款暖奶器,时刻保持奶水温度就好了!贝贝鸭暖奶器集保温、消毒、加热功能于一体,是母乳喂养的好帮手。
 
三、防止宝宝溢奶
 
喂奶后一定要注意防止孩子溢奶、吐奶或呛咳。为此除前面已提及的将孩子轻轻抱起抱直,头靠妈妈肩部,轻拍婴儿背,将吸乳时吞入胃中空气排出外,还可让孩子坐在妈妈膝上,身体稍向前倾,妈妈的一只手托住孩子的前胸和下巴,另一只手轻拍孩子背部使气体排出。母乳喂养时期,往往妈妈奶水充足,容易出现溢乳现象,此时使用贝亲防溢乳垫,可有效保持衣服干爽,让妈妈们免除尴尬。
 

新生儿母乳喂养有哪些好处

亲自给宝宝哺乳是一件很美妙的事情。母乳喂养的好处是母乳作为新生儿最有营养的天然食物,是任何食物都无法代替的。而且在母乳喂养的过程中,宝宝和妈妈会感受到唇齿相依的亲子关系,让宝宝感受到妈妈对他浓浓的爱意。
 
1、母乳蛋白质中,乳蛋白和酪蛋白的比例,最适合新生儿和早产儿的需要,保证氨基酸完全代谢,不至于积累过多的苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。
 
2、母乳中,半光氨酸和氨基牛磺酸的成分都较高,有利于新生儿脑生长,促进智力发育。
 
3、母乳中未饱和脂肪酸含量较高,且易吸收,钙磷比例适宜,糖类以乳糖为主,有利于钙质吸收,总渗透压不高,不易引起坏死性小肠结肠炎。
 
4、母乳能增强新生儿抗病能力,初乳和过渡乳中含有丰富的分泌型IgA,能增强新生儿呼吸道抵抗力。母乳中溶菌素高,巨噬细胞多,可以直接灭菌。乳糖有助于乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌生长,乳铁蛋白含量也多,能够有效地抑制大肠杆菌的生长和活性,保护肠黏膜,使黏膜免受细菌侵犯,增强胃肠道的抵抗力。
 
5、母乳喂养比奶粉新鲜,容易消化,任何奶粉的营养都比不上母乳。母乳中所含蛋白质组成部分合理,其成分及比例还会随着宝宝的生长和需要呈相应改变,与宝宝的成长同步变化,以适应宝宝不同时期的需要,是其他代乳品所无法取代的。另外,现在市场上充斥着很多山寨的有毒奶粉,稍不留神宝宝就会因此而受到无法磨灭的伤害。
 

新生儿母乳喂养要喂水吗?

众所周知,母乳喂养有很大好处,有专家观点也指出,6个月以内的宝宝只需要喂母乳而无需喂水。可是到了炎热的夏天,很多一直坚持全母乳喂养的妈妈疑惑了:这么热的天气,单靠母乳喂养,宝宝能补充足够的水分吗?夏天需要给宝宝喂点水吗?
 
母乳含有大量水分,所以妈妈不用担心纯母乳喂养的宝宝会在炎热夏天会出现脱水问题。相反,过早地给宝宝喂水,不仅会影响宝宝的吃奶量,还会抑制宝宝的吮吸能力,使他们从妈妈乳房主动吮吸的乳汁量减少,并间接导致母乳分泌量减少,对宝宝的成长是很不利的。
 
但是在一些特殊情况下,还是需要给宝宝喂点水的。
 
1、出汗多不方便喂奶时
 
炎热的夏天,宝宝出汗比较多,而妈妈又不方便给宝宝喂奶时,适当地给宝宝喂一点白开水是十分必要的。
 
2、吐奶腹泻时
 
宝宝出现吐奶、腹泻等现象时,为避免发生脱水状况,需要给宝宝喂足量的水,同时应该根据医生建议合理补充含有电解质的口服补液盐。

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