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女人怀孕期间皮肤瘙痒怎么办？

发布日期：2024-06-13 01:33:54编辑：秩名


什么是孕期瘙痒

一般而言，瘙痒指的是孕妇皮肤容易起疹子，感觉瘙痒，严重时会影响生活作息与情绪，甚至会让孕妇失眠坐立不安，甚至会瘙痒到让孕妇抓伤自己，让自己周身伤痕累累。而大多数孕期瘙痒算是正常现象，主要是由孕妇体内的激素变化而引起的，而针对孕期瘙痒，主要被分为无影响类瘙痒和有影响瘙痒两大类。
 
无影响类瘙痒主要包括多型性妊娠症、妊娠痒疹、痒性毛囊炎、妊娠皮肤症、妊娠皮疹、妊娠中毒性皮肤疹等，而这些瘙痒主要是和孕妇的身体内激素水平有关，而对孩子基本没什么影响。
 
而有影响类瘙痒主要包括胆汁郁积性瘙痒症、妊娠型类天疱疮、疱疹样脓痂疹、妊娠期丘疹皮肤炎等，而这些瘙痒造成的问题都是很严重的，一般不是死胎、流产就是早产，而孕妇的身体状况也很备受考验。
 
很多时候产妇孕期皮肤瘙痒现象不能小觑，因为这往往是胆酸增高的一种信号。会发生妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症。该病对产妇危害不大。但是却可能造成胎儿的多种病症。
 

孕期瘙痒症的症状

一般孕期瘙痒都会让孕妇吃了不少苦头，因为孕妇身体里面激素的增加，会让自己的皮肤变得很敏感，所以很多孕妇被瘙痒索扰，一般孕期瘙痒的症状为双手十指间发痒，后来就全身发痒，以背部和脖子为重。之后觉得发痒的范围会延伸至肚皮处，甚至也会周身感到不适，孕期瘙痒的孕妇容易起疹子，感觉瘙痒，严重时会影响生活作息与情绪，甚至彻夜失眠不能舒服的享受美食，有些孕妇甚至因为瘙痒难耐而抓伤自己，但是瘙痒部位温度却不高，测体温不高。夜里还是红，而且双手有红肿，活动时感觉发紧，根据瘙痒程度的不同，让准妈妈们可谓是受了不少苦。
 

孕期为什么会瘙痒

据悉有20%的准妈妈有孕期瘙痒的困扰，其实孕期瘙痒也算是孕期的一个自然现象，其主要是由孕妇身体里面的激素增加引起的，所以在孕妇产生孕期瘙痒，一般不仅仅是身体会发生变化，自己的皮肤也会变得异常的敏感。据悉孕期瘙痒主要是胆酸增高的一种信号。而这种现象主要是发生在妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症。
 
妊娠期内胆汁淤积症的主要表现为局部皮肤莫名瘙痒。一般发生在脚心和掌心。产妇会因为其剧烈瘙痒而抓挠，破溃形成痂壳。有的会蔓延全身，发生在背部、腹壁、大腿、小腿等，但皮肤上没有皮疹。瘙痒程度夜间比白天剧烈。有的还会出现皮肤发黄，往往在瘙痒后的2周后发生，严重的还会伴有肝功能损害。检查会发现产妇的胆红素、胆汁酸指标偏高，胆汁酸甚至可达正常孕妇的100倍左右。
 
而这种是病一般是对产妇没什么危害，但是对胎儿的影响比较大，而且这种病在产后一般会自动消失。预后良好。但是在产前发生该病，会大大增加围产儿的死亡率。该病如果早期发现，早期治疗，加强对胎儿监护，是可以避免不良后果的。所以一般发生孕期瘙痒，最好是到医院给医生断症。
 

孕期瘙痒怎么办

孕期瘙痒可谓是困扰孕妇的一大烦恼，很多孕妇甚至是难以忍受，甚至是失眠整夜不能安稳，但是在遇到孕期瘙痒时，我们能怎么做缓解这种痛苦呢？
 
1、首先是要放松身心，因为情绪激动会加重瘙痒，而只要让孕妇放松下来，减轻精神负担，才能缓解孕期瘙痒的症状。
 
2、避免搔抓止痒。因为不断搔抓后，皮肤往往发红而出现抓痕，使表皮脱落出现血痂，日久会导致皮肤增厚、色素加深，继而加重瘙痒，甚至还能引起化脓性感染，还有注意勤换内裤，注意穿纯棉的衣物，避免化纤织物与皮肤发生摩擦。
 
3、洗澡时切忌用温度过高的水或使用碱性肥皂使劲擦洗，因为这样会加重瘙痒。
 
4、防止食物因素的刺激，如少吃辣椒、生姜、生蒜等刺激性的食物。海鲜的摄入要适量，因为海鲜能加重皮肤瘙痒。
 

孕期骚扰能吃药吗

很多孕妇在遭遇孕期瘙痒时痛苦不堪一大部分原因是和不吃药有关的，虽然很多时候大家都建议孕妇不要食药，避免会对胎儿产生不良影响，但其实很多时候孕期瘙痒是和某种或是几种激素有关的，这个时候只要是按照医嘱服用药剂一般是没什么问题的，所以孕期瘙痒是能吃药的，只是孕妇需要在医生的指导下用药，局部瘙痒可外涂薄荷酚、樟脑霜、樟酚酊、樟脑扑粉，必要时可短期选用副作用小的激素药膏，如艾洛松等。全身瘙痒可短期适当服用镇静剂或脱敏剂，如口服扑尔敏片，每日3次，每次4毫克；舒乐安定片，每日2-3次，每次1毫克等，可同时口服B族维生素和维生素C。另外，也可口服或静脉注射葡萄糖酸钙。

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