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【六一儿童网导读】宝宝发烧了，如何正确降温？

发布日期：2022-06-03 18:00:28编辑：佚名

【六一儿童网导读】宝宝发烧了，粑粑麻麻们就跟那热锅的蚂蚁似的心急如焚，有贴退热贴、有吃退烧药的、有物理降温的，有观察几天再送医院的…面对宝宝发烧婴儿 发烧 酒精，你采取的应对措施是真的对宝宝有用，还是无意间耽误了宝宝的病情?

一、宝宝发烧不能立即吃退烧药

发烧是症状而不是疾病，这是身体对于感染的一种防御反应，也是提示身体发生疾病的前兆。从某种意义上发烧不一定就是坏事，因为低烧不但不会对人体造成太大威胁，还能提高宝宝的抵抗力，使病菌变弱，有利于战胜炎症。

假如宝宝一发热家长就立即喂退烧药，将会减弱今后宝宝对抗疾病的能力，甚至掩盖真实的病情，延误治疗时间。所以，只要单纯体温不超过38.5度，不要急着吃药，应进行物理降温退热，注意多给宝宝补水，预防脱水现象。

如果宝宝出现哭闹不停、反应差、高烧不退或高热惊厥，同时合并频繁呕吐、意识不清等症状时，应尽快就医，不得耽误病情。

宝宝发烧，家长该如何正确降温?

宝宝发烧后，首先解开宝宝衣服，已达到散热的目的。如果采用捂一捂出汗退热的错误方式，只会引发婴幼儿高热惊厥。其次，保持室内温度为21℃～24℃，需定时通风换气。最后，给宝宝洗温水浴或用温热的毛巾帮宝宝擦拭身体，重点擦浴颈脖、腋窝、腹股沟、手臂、小腿弯等大血管流经部位，加快皮肤散热。

几种物理降温方法

家长要密切监测患儿体温波动，当体温在38.5℃以下时，且精神状态尚好，先别急着用退烧药，可采用适当的物理降温方法：

1、多喝水或母乳

宝宝发烧是一个身体消耗水分的过程，据估计，体温每升高1℃，要蒸发人体10%的水。另外，多喝水能加快排汗、排尿，促进体内的毒素以及代谢废物排出，利于患儿尽快康复。因此要少量多次喂温开水，或适量给予口服补液盐，让身体出汗或排尿以助降温，同时避免脱水。

瓶装果汁、果奶等糖分高，渗透压高，会加重孩子胃肠负担，不建议喝。

2、少穿少捂

少穿衣服、少盖被子，让宝宝自然散热。

3、泡脚

控制水温不要烫到孩子，泡15-20分钟以上，让宝宝出汗降温。

4、温水擦拭身体，温水浴

可以用低于体温的温水擦拭头颈、四肢、腋窝、腹股沟等大血管通过的部位，以便散热降温。

不推荐用白酒或酒精给宝宝擦身。酒精蒸发时确实能使皮肤凉下来，但就是因为酒精发挥作用太快了反而会有反作用。此外，酒精也会通过皮肤和呼吸被吸入宝宝体内，引起酒精中毒，严重者危及生命。

二、发烧超过3天不可在家观察

吃过药后烧退了、物理降温烧退了，不一会儿体温便上升起来，就是这种反反复复的症状，让很多家长徘徊在去医院还是在家观察之间，进而耽误了病情。宝宝发烧观察是没错，但是观察也需有度。一般来说，超过3天症状无减轻，就应送往医院就诊，延误时间越长出现合并症的几率就越高!

再者，症状得不到良好的控制，体温也会随之增高。婴幼儿神经系统发育不完善，一旦烧到39度以上，容易出现高热惊厥。其症状为：全身痉挛、抽搐、口吐白沫，甚至会引起窒息。宝宝一旦出现以上症状，家长应给予退热药后，立即送往医院治疗。

应对反复发烧，对症治疗才能有效降温

宝宝反复发烧说明免疫力差、未对症治疗或合并其他感染等原因。对于婴幼儿来说，吃药退不下来，建议给予抗感染或抗病毒等方式进行治疗，最好抽血化验一下免疫及微量元素的检查。一般来说引起宝宝发烧的原因分为：病毒感染、细菌感染以及支原体感染。宝宝生病一定要对症治疗查找原因，只有找到反复感染的原因，才能从根本上解决问题。

三、超级奶爸需要学习关于发烧的知识

1、人为什么会发热?

人体下丘脑有个体温调节中枢，在这里会设定一个体温定位点，平时不生病的时候体温都设在37℃左右。

当病菌(包括预防接种的疫苗在内)侵犯人体后，人体为了对抗病菌的侵袭，会动用一些防御机制，比如具有杀菌作用的白细胞、淋巴细胞等。动用人体防御机制的启动信号中，发热是最为主要的一项。下丘脑的体温调节中枢通过上调控制体温的水平，导致发热。

2、小孩发烧为什么会手脚冰凉?

发炎反应导致下丘脑定位点上升，脑部所认定的正常体温会超过38度。如果当时体温并未达到设定的标准婴儿 发烧 酒精，小孩会觉得冷。

再加上小儿心脏力量较弱，每次心脏搏动到达手脚末端的血液少，平日就比较容易出现手脚偏凉于身体的现象。发热时，人体会动用更多的血液到体内重要脏器，导致手脚越发偏凉。

3、物理降温和药物降温的本质分别是什么?

物体降温是为了增加皮肤散热;药物降温是在改变体温调节中枢的状况下，利于散热。

4、家庭常备什么退热药?

关于退热药，国际上比较推荐两种成分的药物：对乙酰氨基酚(泰诺林、百服宁)或布洛芬(美林)。

5、发热后有哪些症状应及时送医院?

● 如果宝宝发烧时伴有呼吸困难、严重恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状;或者有好像因哪里疼痛而哭闹不止的情况时，应立即去医院就诊。

● 如果体温过高或出现抽风等症状时，要一边做物理降温，一边服用退烧药，并及时就诊。

6、退热贴效果好吗?

退热贴主要流行于东亚国家，很多妈妈都是海淘回来的。但关于退热的治疗，各国儿童发热指南都没有提到退热贴。退热贴靠水凝胶的水汽挥发带走热量，应该说降温效果非常有限。

宝宝发烧时期往往因喉咙痛不吃东西，所以喂水喂药都困难。如果宝宝年龄小且伴有反复发热，可输液治疗，病程一般在5~7天，期间仍会反反复复发热，但会逐步痊愈。

婴儿发烧酒精降温_孕妇发烧怎么用酒精退烧_婴儿 发烧 酒精

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