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自闭症孩子不爱说话？后悔没早试试这些方法！

发布日期：2024-08-20 03:02:49编辑：网络收集

语言能力的开发，一直都是自闭症孩子康复训练的主旋律之一。如何让孩子更好地交流，也成了众多家长最关切的问题。

很多家长对于如何训练孩子的语言交流能力感到束手无策。今天我们就来分享一些提高自闭症儿童语言能力的小方法，希望对家长们有所帮助。

为什么要提高孩子语言交流能力？

在儿童世界里，如果没有语言，则很难表明自己的需求，也无法与父母进行情感的沟通与交流，很容易将自己“关闭”起来，这也是孤独症又被称为“自闭症”的原因。

在与孩子交流的时候要注意什么？

家长和老师们要从思想上认可他们，还要用眼神、表情等夸张的方式，让孩子感觉到我们对他的赞赏与爱意，让孩子逐渐意识到在我们的眼里他是最棒的。这样，孩子才会有与我们交流的欲望，从而慢慢地理解并接受我们对他的要求。

如何提高孩子的语言交流能力呢？

01

多交流，营造良好的语言环境

冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。在对孤独症儿童的教育中，其效果不是立竿见影的，我们必须抱着“只管耕耘，不问收获”的心态去对星儿进行教育。

语言学习存在障碍的孤独症儿童需要比普通儿童多出几百甚至上千次的练习，才能学会简单的语句。

日常生活中发生的小事和细节在经过整理之后形象的表达给孩子，帮助孩子理解，并且学会如何描述，为孩子创立一个良好的语言环境。

02

养成爱阅读的好习惯

良好的阅读习惯对孩子今后的生活一定会有帮助，因此，只要有可能，就带着孩子一起“阅读”吧，尽管大多数时候孤独症孩子并不理解你读的是什么内容，但你可以从几张小卡片入手，引起孩子的兴趣，逐渐提高难度。

03

选择切合孩子兴趣的话题（动机）

选择眼前看得见、容易了解的自然话题为佳。尤其是以能够激发孩子动机的事物作为话题，效果更好。不仅大人要对孩子说话，还要以儿童的口气说给孩子听，并告诉孩子这时候应该怎么回应才好。

父母平时要多观察孩子的兴趣点，抓住重点，才能强化效果。

如果孩子对洋娃娃比较感兴趣，父母就可以多陪孩子玩洋娃娃，在游戏的过程中穿插语言训练，当孩子想要的时候就故意拿开，等孩子表达出来想要的请求时，再将玩具还给孩子。

总之，有兴趣才有效果，做父母的需要见机行事，灵活处理。

04

避免鹦鹉学舌般地重复

父母为使儿童尽早学会说话，同样的话语叫儿童说五次、十次，这反而使孤独症儿童拒绝说话,比一般的儿童多说一、二次左右即可。

但碰到同样的情况发生时，要再重复的提醒。不必刻意教学，一切顺其自然即可。只要在适当的环境下，不断地、自然地对孩子说话，让儿童了解语言的意义，才有可能激发孩子说话的动机。

05

不必急于矫正发音

刚开始学说话的时候，小孩子都很难说清楚字句，有表达意思的态度即可。若刻意矫正发音，说不定反而会抹杀好不容易培养的说话动机，打击小孩的自信心。

只要孩子肯说话，发音不正确的缺陷久而久之会改善过来，家长只要自己提供正确的说话模板即可。

06

多带孩子到自然中去

动物园、海洋馆、博物馆不仅仅是帮助孩子多认识些动物、植物和星星那么简单，他可以拓宽孩子的知识面，进而激发孩子的求知欲。

对于孤独症孩子来讲，虽然没有普通小朋友那样好奇心强，但多带孩子接触外界，多见世面，对患儿的语言能力发展会有着润物细无声的作用。

07

在歌声中帮助孩子学习

很多康复机构会开设音乐课，这是有原因的。

歌曲是孩子们接受和掌握语言的最佳形式，他们在学会旋律的同时，自然而然就记住了歌词。

所以，每天安排一些时间，和孩子一起听歌、唱歌。唱的过程中，你可以配合上相应的手势，帮助孩子理解歌词的意思。

08

借助游戏的魅力

在游戏中帮助孩子提升说话的动机，锻炼孩子的语言能力。

语言训练虽然很难，但是如果我们合理地使用游戏技巧，是可以顺利地将宝宝的主动表达激发出来的。

比如之前讲过的“太高了”、“缺东少西”等游戏，都能为孩子的需求制造障碍，从而为其主动表达提供机会。

09

耐心最重要

最后一点，耐心。

孤独症儿童虽然表达能力很弱，但想说话时大人要有耐心地听他说话。如此，对孤独症儿童说话时，他也比较愿意以语言来回答大人。

很多家长在教育孩子的过程中，因为缺乏耐心或者疲惫等原因，往往在训练过程中带着无形的消极情绪。

其实孩子是能感觉到这种的消极情绪，并且会受到家长的影响也变得消极。这样无形之中将消极情绪和语言训练联系在了一起，孩子的语言学习就会困难许多。

看着孩子们点点滴滴的进步，心里的感受是很难用言语来表达的。一路走来，有过欢喜、有过忧愁，作为一名孤独症孩子的父母，我们需要用专业的知识与爱来武装自己。

这是一条看不到尽头的路，我们需要的就是抓紧孩子的手，鼓励孩子走快一点。

毕竟，教育从来都不是一件一蹴而就的事情。

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