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人的姓名和机遇

发布日期：2024-08-23 03:25:45编辑：秩名

人的姓名和机遇
人的姓名和机遇是有一定联系的。在人生当中，机遇是重要的，命运就是机遇的综合，有些时候，机遇是和姓名联系在一起的。下面是试举几例，可供大家进行参考。
 
凭借好姓名，青云直上，汉孺子婴居摄三年（8年）十二月，素无操行而又好说大话、又想升官发财的梓潼（今属四川）人哀章，眼红别人献祥瑞、呈符命而飞黄腾达，自己也制作了铜匮，说：王莽为真天子，又书写了几个朝中大臣的姓名，趁机把自己的姓名又窜入其中，随后又信于胡乱写了几个吉利的姓名：王兴、王盛。乘着夜晚，又穿上件黄衣服，装扮的神乎其神，把铜匮交给了汉高祖庙的仆射，这仆射马上送交给权臣王莽，王莽如获至宝，马上借着这个所谓代表天意的铜匮，取代了汉朝，即位为新朝天子，并按着上面开列的单子论名行赏，升官封爵，哀章的愿望当然是如愿以偿了。但这王兴、王盛在大臣中并没有，下令在长安查找，一下子找到了十几个同姓名的人，经过卜卦，故把守城门的令史王兴、卖饼的王盛，符合要求，一下子由平民百姓直接提拔为朝廷重臣，王兴为卫将军，后来又取王莽的孙女为妻，王盛也为前将军。其他的叫王兴、王盛的一律都拜为郎官。别人可能奋斗一辈子，上战场多年，也不可能得到的权势，王兴、王盛不费吹灰之力得到了，就凭借着这吉祥的姓名，遇到了喜欢符命而又需要祥瑞的王莽，他们平步青云，白日飞升。这不能不说是政治史上的荒唐事件，但在办理的过程中，一切又是那么认真，一切又是那么隆重，而这媒介是那君主喜欢而又需要的姓名。我们今天觉得有些荒唐，但在当时仍有人在继续仿效着办理。
人的姓名和机遇
在政治、军事上作为王莽死对头的刘秀，在利用谶纬选拔官吏上，却是一丘之貉，臭味相投。光武帝刘秀因谶文上有：“孙咸征狄”。就任用不被人注意、才能平庸的孙咸为行大司马。因有“王梁主卫作玄武”的谶文，就任用野王令王梁为大司空，从区区一个小县令，直接任命为大司空，一下子越过了多少等级。孙咸、王梁的破格提升，超级录用，决不是因为他们有什么突出的功劳、卓越的才能，而只是因为他们的姓名与谶文相合，又碰到了一个凭着谶文登极而又特别信奉谶文的汉光武帝，是这样的机遇，使平庸而鄙微的官员，摇身一变而位至公卿。
 
不仅选用治国安邦的文臣，要寻找姓名吉利的人，而且有时命将出征也要找与童谣或诗歌中姓名相适应的人。西晋初年，奉命策划平定孙吴事宜的羊祜，听说吴国有童谣，是：“阿童复阿童，衔刀浮渡江，不畏岸上兽，但畏水中龙。”羊祜认为：平定孙昊，一定是水军立功，关键在于寻找一个与童谣相对应的人为将帅。功夫不负苦心人，羊祜终于打听到益州刺史王浚的小名叫阿童，太妙了，使用姓名与童谣相适应的人，对孙吴的军民来说，就有一种代表天意的感觉，比用兵更有心理威慑作用。因此，羊祜上书朝廷，请求命令王浚主持益州军事，又加号龙骧将军，这样又与童谣的“但畏水中龙”相呼应了。就这样，这个小名叫阿童的龙骧将军王浚，在平定孙吴的战争中，不负羊祜期望，果然立了大功。这又是姓名给王浚带来了一次仕途上的机遇，并且他也确实有指挥、调度水军的才能。平心而论，消灭了占据长江上游的蜀汉政权，位处长江下游的孙吴，已经处于没有屏障的被动地位，再加上内部的政治腐败，混乱，与北方的西晋在经济、军事力量上又相差悬殊，因而被消灭只是一个时间早晚的问题了。具备了各种条件，羊祜、王浚等人才得以立功，反之，曹操的才能，所率军队的数量、声势，比羊祜、王浚等要强许多倍，但兵败于赤壁，狼狈回师，因此要把这命运都归于机遇，征兆，那就有点迷信了。
 
但如果认为，只要姓名适应诗谣，含义吉利、美好，就能打胜仗，决定战争的胜负，那战争就不再是国家的大事，而只是变成了荒唐的姓名游戏，一定在历史上留下耻辱的记录。靖康之耻，就是很好的一例。当靖康二年，金兵再度包围北宋首都东京（今河南开封）时，朝廷内部，和战不定，皇帝举措无方，大臣无法回天，而大臣孙傅读丘浚《感事诗》，有：“郭京杨适刘无忌”之句，忽发奇想，要启用郭京、杨适、刘无忌为保卫京城而战，无论是郭京，还是刘无忌，在金兵围城的情况下，都是吉利的姓名。下令寻找，在市人中找到了刘无忌，又在龙尉兵营里找到了郭京。好多事的人说：郭京能施六甲法，可以生擒敌将而把敌人扫荡无遗，方法是用七千七百七十七人，始发此事的孙傅，以为找到了退敌的神方妙计，昏庸的朝廷上下也深信不疑，由郭京招募兵卒，郭京确实非同寻常，他招兵不问武艺技巧如何，只选择年命合乎六甲的人。但却只招募而不出战，有人提出不同意见，孙傅还斥责他们：“郭京为时而生，敌中琐微没有不知道的。”当都城危急关头，郭京谈笑风生，稳坐城楼，其兵出战大败，一看局势不妙，他以须自下作法为名，趁机溜之大吉了，而金兵则于当日登城，从而铸成了靖康之耻。固然，靖康之耻是多方面原因所造成的，全部归到孙傅用郭京失误上是不公平的。但是迷信姓名，相信法术而任用不当，至少反映了朝廷的腐败大臣的昏庸。固然，郭京，这个姓名为他个人提供了飞黄腾达的机遇，但却给国家留下了千古遗恨，这是血肉之躯换来的教训：不可单纯迷信吉利的姓名。
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