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宝宝语言发育迟缓怎么办？

发布日期：2024-08-30 05:00:21编辑：星辰

宝宝的发育有早有晚，有的语言能力强一些、有的语言能力弱一点。但在正常情况下，发育晚的宝宝与发育早的宝宝相比有4-6个月的差异，超过这个时限，父母就要多加注意了。一般情况下，宝宝2、3岁的时候就能够狠好的表达自己的意图，4岁时基本能够掌握口语了，到了5岁后能够清楚地复述听过的故事。宝宝语言发育迟缓怎么办？宝宝为什么会语言发育迟缓？一、生理原因导致宝宝不会说话1、看看宝宝的舌息带是否有粘连？2、带宝宝去医院检查听力？3、其他病灶，比如脑瘫等。如果宝宝是因为生理性的原因不会说话，您需要赶快给宝宝治疗了，千万不要错过治疗的黄金时间。如果这些原因都没有，就接着找其他原因。说话晚？舌系带手术最好等4岁后二、语言环境导致宝宝不会说话1、你偶尔才会和孩子说话，和宝宝语言交流比较少。2、除了你，和宝宝说话的其他人很少。3、家人的口音很杂，方言，英文，普通话交错。通常，处在以上三种不利语言环境下的宝宝开口说话会比较晚造。如果你给宝宝提供的语言环境太过单调或太过复杂，孩子没有得到有效的刺激，导致了语言发展的滞后。您需要立即改变，应多和孩子说话，暂时统一全家人的口音，让宝宝容易理解和模仿。如果你给宝宝营造的语言环境是健康的，我们接着找找其他原因。三、交流方式导致宝宝不会说话1、当您看到宝宝用简单的手势表达需求时，您的反应是：A.一般都能理解，帮助宝宝完成。B.即使理解也要教宝宝尽可能说出来。如果您的答案是A，那造成宝宝“不会说话的原因”很可能是语言惰性。您对宝宝的肢体动作太理解并马上满足宝宝的需求，使得宝宝没有必要说话了。您需要逐步要求宝宝必须要说出来才理解他的意思。2、您和宝宝说话的时候一般用什么样的语句呢？A.正常语句，就象和其他成人说话差不多。B.简短的语句，并放慢语速。如果您的答案是A，那造成宝宝“不喜欢说话的原因”很可能是交流形式太难，宝宝不容易理解和模仿，或者从心理上造成了压力，认为只有像大人那样才能说话。您应该稍微改变一些说话的方式，和宝宝说短句或用肢体语言配合简短语句共同表达，接近宝宝表达能力，让宝宝可以和您平行地交流。四、心理原因导致宝宝不会说话1.当宝宝开口模仿您说话的时候，您是怎么做的：A.及时地纠正宝宝的发音，并乘机反复巩固。B.不管宝宝的发音如何，及时地给予鼓励。2.当宝宝用手势表示某种需求的时候，您很想让宝宝说出来，您是怎么做的？A.一定要让宝宝说出来才帮助他，否则就不满足他。B.反复教他2、3次，实在不愿意说就不强迫他，满足他的要求。3.您和宝宝兴致勃勃地看动物图片，您想乘机教宝宝说说动物名称。他的反应是：A.您一教，他就表示出很烦躁的样子，甚至连图片也不看了。

B.您教的时候，宝宝偶尔能模仿您发音，他表示烦躁的时候你就立即停止。如果您的情况大部分时候都是A，那宝宝不爱说话的原因很可能是您造成的，您对宝宝的要求太高了。您需要示范如何用语言形式进行交流，而不是强调使用标准的发音和语法句型。对于有明显厌恶“学讲话”的宝宝，您甚至要对宝宝任何的交流形式表示理解，并进行平行的交流。否则，这类型的宝宝还会减少和您的任何交流，当有什么需求的时候，他不再愿意和您表示，而是自己来，或干脆放弃需要。这样对宝宝的心理健康发展是非常不利的。如何让宝宝尽早开始说话？一、激起孩子说话的欲望让宝宝开口说话的最有效的办法是父母营造一个谈话和交流的气氛，运用可能的任何机会不停的和宝宝说话，用轻柔富有感情的语言给他讲故事，即便在多数情况下只是父母的“自言自语”也要坚持。和宝宝说话的时候，爸爸妈妈不妨见机行事，诱导宝宝表达自己的想法。如果他对你的努力有回应，能够“咿咿呀呀”加上肢体语言来表达他的意思，你可以及时送上你的拥抱作为鼓励。对于这些宝宝，父母先不要在意他说得好不好，也别急于纠正他语言中的毛病，培养起来他说话的自信心、使之体验到表达的喜悦比什么都重要。二、个性化训练循序渐进对孩子的言语和阅读训练是一对一的，如对感受性语言障碍者，重点在于训练对语音的理解、听觉记忆及听觉知觉等。对表达性语言障碍者，重点在于训练他模仿别人讲话。无论对哪一种语言发育迟缓儿童的教育训练，父母都应积极主动地参与其中。具体的做法是将拟订的教育计划分成几个小单元，分段进行，以便容易学会，增强孩子学习的信心。对那些语言表达和阅读上有困难的孩子，爸爸妈妈可以借助讲故事书的方式或设置一个特定的情景，反复教孩子认读笔画、发音简单的字、词，让他们慢慢地辨认、熟悉、理解、记住这些词的发音和含义；随后过渡到比较难的字、词语；然后再开始给他讲解一个个短句、长句的意思及相应的故事内容。如此一步步地训练是一个比较漫长的过程，父母的贪多图快和急躁情绪只能是欲速则不达。三、迂回的“战术”可能更有效对于那些说话或朗读总是不顺畅、经过多次训练效果终不明显的孩子，父母的反应最好是冷静、再冷静。因为此时你丝毫的激动和不满，都会为孩子的语言学习带来挫败感和恐惧感，结果很可能适得其反。对于这类孩子，与其教他说话读书，不如先唱儿歌、童谣、歌曲给他听；只要他不反感，你就反复为他唱。为了方便，父母不妨选择那些孩子百听不厌的儿歌作为孩子学习的教材。爸爸妈妈也可以把孩子喜欢听的内容拷贝在数码产品中，以便他随时被声音包围着，由听而说，实现从量变到质变。

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