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如何才能提高一次性的受孕成功率？

发布日期：2024-07-07 05:21:05编辑：秩名


据统计，集中在可孕高峰日(即排卵日)前后性交，可使75%的妇女在2.76个月经周期内受孕，即无生育障碍的夫妇月平均受孕成功率大约为27%。青年夫妇正常的性交频率为3～4天1次。在理论上，这样的频率，可以使无生育障碍的夫妇在预定的日子里1次受孕成功，但实际成功率要低得多。
 
先分析一下无生育障碍而1次受孕失败的原因。一种情况是，由于发生了临时性生育障碍。最为常见的当是近半个月中有过较大的情绪波动，如过分的焦虑、抑郁、悲伤等，特别是经过长期生育准备、一心求得一个好宝宝的人，越接近“临战”时刻，心理越是紧张。这些情绪因素发生在女方，会使女方内分泌失调而影响正常排卵，错过受孕时机；发生在男方，会使男方因心理过于紧张而发生早泄或勃起功能障碍。另外，性交过稀，超过7天，以致死精太多，或性交过频，1天1次，甚至一夜数次，以致成熟精子太少，这些均会影响精子活力，同样会错过受孕好时机。
 
有些青年夫妇片面认为营养越好，精子和卵子的质量就越高，就能生下一个聪明健康的宝宝来，于是在准备受孕的日子里天天膏粱厚味，外加补品甜食，结果造成蛋白质、脂肪、糖类等营养过剩，导致酸碱失调，使体液(包括血、汗、唾液、精液、阴水等)偏酸。在女方，过酸的阴道环境能过多杀死精子，而宫颈黏液过稠，使精子不能穿透进入输卵管与卵子相遇；在男方，精液偏酸，也会使精子大量死亡，健康精子达不到一定数量，就不能保证受孕成功。
 
另外一种情况是，精子虽然与卵子结合了，但在妇女知觉怀孕以前就流了产，妇女还以为是月经来潮，临床上称之为早早孕流产。这主要是因为精卵结合后还未着床，或着床后受精卵扎根不深就进行性交，或妇女受到剧烈的精神刺激、外力撞击及疾病等原因引起胚泡脱落。有人估计，这种早早孕流产的可能性高达30%左右。换句话说，无生育障碍的夫妇所以1次受孕未获成功，半数是由于夫妇缺乏性保健知识造成的。一向月经正常，如某次月经提前或延后，经血中有紫块，很可能属于早早孕流产。
 
少数人停服口服避孕药不到3个月，或在暴风骤雨、电闪雷鸣、严寒酷暑、月蚀、地震等不良气候条件下性交，也会使受孕失败；男子穿紧身裤，或使用电热毯，阴囊温度升高会热死精子，发生临时性男性不育症。
 
准备生育的夫妇双方，在身体健康无病、心情舒畅的前提下，为了按计划达到1次受孕成功的目的，应注意如下几个问题：
 
(1)选择最佳受孕日年龄在25～30岁左右的青年夫妇，结婚至少1年以上，如需要生育，一般安排在春分前后至夏至那段风和日丽、百花争艳、春意浓浓的日子里受孕较为理想。据研究，日照长，气温适中(18～25℃)，人体最感觉舒服，春情高亢，不仅受孕成功率高，而且有利于优生，如遇到天气异常，可推迟到下个月进行。
 
(2)孕前合理营养。在经济条件较好的人群中，不少是属酸性体质。因此，在准备生育的3个月中，饮食宜清淡，以素食为主，鱼肉为辅，多吃新鲜绿叶蔬菜和水果，确保体内酸碱平衡。同时，生活起居要有规律，心胸开朗乐观，人际关系和谐，保持良好的体能状态，这样不仅受孕易获成功，对以后孩子的身体和智力的健康发育也极为有利。
 
(3)进行受孕演习。在实行计划生育的今天，绝大多数夫妇都有意识、有目的地受孕。正因为如此，在性反应周期中出现心态反常，特别在性欲产生的准备阶段和性交阶段，因心理紧张影响性生活质量的很多，个别甚至发生勃起功能障碍而不能交合。因此，在正式受孕前要进行多次训练。其方法如下：坚持基础体温测量，预测排卵日期，同时参考自我感觉确定排卵日，在排卵那天，先睡觉后性交(不要忘记用安全套)。因经过一段时间的休息，不仅体力恢复，而且激素分泌增多，心态平静，情绪稳定，性交时间较长，男女双方均可达到性满足。这种演习不限于排卵期，平时性生活中也可使用。
 
(4)孕前寡欲，孕后禁欲。30岁左右的青年夫妇，根据不同情况应建立每周1～2次的性交频率，即为寡欲。但在女方排卵那天，或前后1天，一定要进行1次交合，且由女方掌握主动权，事前也不必告诉丈夫，避免过度兴奋，在半夜醒来后，主动向丈夫求欢。如果性交后女方不再有性欲要求，说明精卵可能已结合，夫妻宜分床或分被，并禁欲3个月。
 
虽然受孕在片刻间即告完成，但孕前准备和孕后保健要颇费心思，很需要认真对待，来不得半点马虎，这样才能最终实现优生。

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