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手足口病与水痘分不清怎么办？手足口病常见哪些特征？

发布日期：2022-06-29 17:00:39编辑：美清

小儿手足口病是一种大家了解的儿童常见疾病，它的发生对患者也会出现比较严重的危害，特别是在生病后，我们要恰当的区别，对小儿手足口病还要开展有效的诊断和医治。

小儿手足口病与水痘差别

手足口病和水痘全是病毒性感染造成的。但水痘跟手足口病是彻底不一样的疾病，水痘是带条状疱疹病毒性感染，手足口病是肠道病毒感染，感柒的微生物菌种病毒感染就不一样。水痘一般发烧时溫度高些，关键遍布在脸部、乳房、后背，四肢非常少。大家有一个叫法叫四世同堂，水痘一开始主要表现为小斑疹，不大的一片红了，以后快速发展趋势为斑疹、斑丘疹，再发展趋势到水疱疹，有的较为大，特别是在初期的水痘红疹子看上去晶莹透亮，里边全是水，可是发展趋势迅速，而且是径向遍布的。绝大多数水痘病人的红疹子是比较多的。

手足口病病人的疹子大多数遍布在口腔内部周边、手和脚底，但并不是一定是三个部位都发生，也是有可能是只有一个部位发生疹子。极少数病人在人体其他部位也很有可能发生相近斑丘疹的肌肤主要表现，可是较为罕见。

小儿疱疹是一种由疱疹病毒感染而致的病毒性感染皮肤疾病。

手足口病：亚急性发病，发烫；口腔黏膜疹发生较为早，最初为粟米样斑疹或小水泡，周边有淡红，关键坐落于舌及脸颊部，唇齿之间侧也常产生。水痘在病发期一般都遍布全身上下，最聚集的部位则是前后左右胸、腹后背，除此之外，头脸部、头发上、脚掌下，手指头和手掌心上也可发生。

小儿疱疹痘患通常有发痒、炙热或痛疼的觉得，有时候还伴随全身上下不适感、发烫、食欲不佳等前期症状，带条状疱疹病毒感染经常在第一次原发性感柒后主要表现为水痘，一般发生在少年儿童病人中 再度或继发感染病毒感染后即是带条状疱疹，水痘发病时，会产生刀扎一样的疾痛（神经疼），并会在病源神经系统的肌肤上引起小水泡一样红疹子。持续有新疹发生，新老疹群依神经系统走动遍布，排序呈带条状，疹群中间肌肤一切正常，带条状疱疹危害到面部神经系统，病人会产生面部麻木，假如危害到双眼，眼角膜会损伤。

手足口病普遍预兆

1、胃口降低：身患手足口病的宝宝常常会发生胃口降低的状况，大多数缘故是由于各种各样不适所造成，尤其是一些口腔内部身患疱疹及其溃烂的宝宝，发烫及其痛疼都是会让宝宝不肯进餐。这个时候母亲要留意，在日常日常生活应当尽可能的确保口味淡的饮食搭配，与此同时还需要食材易于消化及其易咬合，那样才可以更非常容易被小孩所接纳。

2、疱疹产生：大多数身患手足口病的宝宝常常会发生疱疹的状况，而这类状况一般在口腔内部周边较为普遍，造成 疱疹产生的缘故有很多，但无论是什么原因这个时候都应当让宝宝多歇息。权威专家提示，在身患疱疹的一周時间内应当尽可能的多卧床休息，与此同时还需要多喝白开水，那样才可以将身体的内毒素排掉。

3、发高烧：许多身患手足口病的宝宝一般都是会发生不一样水平的发高烧状况，假如发高烧状况不比较严重得话母亲能够根据在家里开展物理退烧的方式来协助小孩退热。但假如小孩的人体体温假如超出38.5℃得话，这个时候应当尽快的送到医院门诊开展医治，而且在医师具体指导下服食降烧剂。假如宝宝在发高烧的与此同时还发生恶心想吐、反胃、心烦、精神面貌更改、总想睡觉、食欲不振等状况时，母亲千万别耽误，尽快的送到医院门诊是最重要的，以防由于時间的耽误进而让小孩吃苦一生。

4、感柒：感柒也是小儿手足口病正传韩有很多，在其中感柒便是在其中的一种。许多小孩身患手足口病时，常常会由于父母的不留意进而造成 疱疹裂开，这个时候如果不开展立即的解决得话很有可能会造成 病菌的感柒，进而造成 伤口发炎进而溃烂。母亲千万别小瞧了感柒，假如感染了一些比较严重的病菌及其病毒感染得话，很有可能会毁坏神经系统进而危害到生病部位的熟练掌握。

手足口病病症

1、一般症状表现

（1）亚急性发病，替伏期3-5天，有低烧、全身上下不适感、腹疼等前轮驱动症。口腔黏膜发生散在痛疼性粟粒状至黑豆尺寸小水泡，手、足发生斑疹、疱疹，初起为斑疹，后变化为疱疹，环形或椭圆型，约3-7mm如小米粒尺寸，较水痘疹子为小，材质偏硬，周边有淡红，疱内液态较少，在灰白的膜下能够看到斑点状或块状的糜烂面。疹子消散后没留疤痕或色素沉淀，若有继发感染常使肌肤危害加剧。

（2）除开手足口外，还可以在屁股及肛门口周边，有时候见到在躯体和四肢发生疱疹，数日后干枯、消散，疹子无发痒，无痛感。

（3）某些小孩子可发生泛发性斑丘疹、小水泡，继发性无菌检测性心肌炎、大脑炎、心脏病等。可伴随干咳、流鼻涕、食欲不佳、恶心想吐、反胃、头疼等病症。

（4）一部分病案仅主要表现为疹子或疱疹性喉炎。全现病史约5-10天，大部分可治愈，预后良好，无并发症。

2、危重症病案主要表现

极少数病案（尤其是低于三岁者）可发生大脑炎、脑脊髓炎、心肌炎、急性肺水肿、循环衰竭等。

（1）呼吸道主要表现为：吸气浅促、艰难，吸气规律更改，口唇紫绀，嘴吐乳白色、淡粉色或顽强泡沫液（痰），肺脏常闻及哮鸣音或湿啰音。

（2）中枢神经系统主要表现为：精神差、总想睡觉、头疼、反胃、易惊、身体颤动、乏力或偏瘫；体检由此可见脑膜刺激性症、腱反射变弱或消退；危重症病案可主要表现为经常抽动、晕厥、脑损伤、脑出血。

（3）循环主要表现为：面色苍白，心跳变快或迟缓，脉率浅速、变弱乃至消退，四肢发冷，指（趾）紫绀，血压升高或降低。

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