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如何帮助宝宝快速适应托儿所，各位宝妈这些准备做足了嘛？

发布日期：2024-07-25 14:46:25编辑：秩名


入托准备现在就该开始

 
入托，无论对孩子还是家长来说，都是一种生长痛。因为孩子小，入托之痛可能更甚于入园之痛。那么，这种疼痛有没有降低甚至消除的可能性？作为父母，我们又该如何协助孩子尽快适应呢？
 

※入托和入园，区别何在※

 
入托和入园，都是孩子离开家庭，踏入社会的第一步。从这个角度来讲，二者没有本质的区别。无论入托还是入园，孩子都需要经历一个克服分离焦虑、适应新环境，并在适应环境后学会面对各种突发情况及常规情况的过程。不同的是，入托的孩子年龄更小，心智发育程度更低，自理能力更弱，心理适应能力更差，面临的问题更多，让我们揪心的事情也会更多些。
 
对于3岁前的孩子来说，他跟小伙伴游戏的欲望还没有那么强烈，跟妈妈在一起是他最大的心理需求。因此，离开妈妈，对孩子永远都是一种考验。不过也有好消息，那就是孩子心理年龄偏小，注意力更容易被转移。如果老师懂孩子，富有爱心与耐心，孩子更容易以老师替代妈妈，适应起来更快一些。
 
而且，托儿所一般没有教学的压力，家长对孩子在托儿所学不学到东西不甚在意，只要孩子安全，心情愉悦，基本都会比较放心。如此，孩子面临的压力相对来说反而要小一些。
 

※你和宝宝都做好准备了吗※

 
孩子入托，需要做好各种准备。其中最重要的是心理准备。这心理准备，看不见摸不着，却是至关重要的。实际上，不仅孩子，家长也面临同样的问题。我们舍不得孩子，不敢信赖老师，会质疑托儿所，因此，我们有太多的担忧与疑虑。而孩子越小，越依赖家长来判断外部环境的好坏。若家长眼里有个光明的世界，孩子的心里就亮堂；家长眼里有个阴暗的世界，孩子的心里就雾霭重重。
 
既然没有别的选择，在前期多方考察，选定托儿所之后，就要相信老师，相信孩子，相信一切都会步入正轨。作如是想，孩子才能从我们身上获得一种力量，适应起来会更快。相反，若我们无法给孩子心理上的支撑，反而会带动孩子陷入恐惧的漩涡，不仅于事无补，还可能成事不足败事有余。当然，要我们处变不惊，没那么容易。不过，人生永远都是一个权衡的过程。既然我们不可能亲自带孩子，而焦虑、担忧又无济于事，何不选择对孩子更有益的方式呢？
 
除了家长自身，孩子也需要有心理准备。但是，鉴于孩子年龄小，不建议给他讲得太多。讲太多，孩子理解困难，而且，过多地强调，反而会增加孩子的恐慌感。因此，简单告知他要去托儿所，他在那里会是什么一种状态就可以了。
 
当然，无论我们准备工作做得多充分，分离焦虑都是必然面临的。因此，我们自己要做好接受孩子入托之后面临的各种变化与临时出现的状况，平静自然地接纳孩子各种情绪的思想准备，做到心中有数。我们越是心中有数，内心淡定，越是能给予孩子强有力的支持。
 

※准备越充分，宝宝越适应※

 
要让孩子尽快适应托儿所的生活，除了上述的心理准备工作之外，我们还可以考虑做一些更实际的工作去帮助孩子：
 
1、了解托儿所的情况与要求，尽量提前帮助孩子掌握必须掌握的各种技能，逐步调整孩子作息、饮食等习惯，尽量与托儿所的状况贴近，并跟老师沟通孩子的情况，征求老师的建议。
 
2、询问老师与自家孩子气质类型相通的孩子入托之后通常会面临哪些问题，做到心中有数，并考虑应对的策略，以免遇到问题时束手无策。
 
3、带孩子去参观托儿所，让他对托儿所有个直观的认识。
 
4、如果可能，可将孩子的教室及活动场所、老师的照片等拍了带回家给孩子看，通过这些具体的图像告知孩子他要去一个什么样的环境，带领他的会是什么样的人，一日生活会以什么样的方式进行。如此，孩子心里有底，到了托儿所，内心的恐慌感与焦虑感就会相对轻一些。
 
5、跟孩子商量，选择一个安慰物（一般选择比较柔软的毛绒玩具、枕头、毛巾、小毛毯等物品，这些毛茸茸手感柔软的物品更能带给孩子安全感。当然也要视孩子情况而定，比如有的小男孩迷恋汽车，也可以考虑选择汽车作为安慰物），并赋予这个安慰物以灵性，利用它设计一些与孩子互动的游戏，建立起心灵上连接。这个安慰物可以在孩子入托之后部分地代替妈妈陪伴他。在孩子入托之后，可以具体情况具体分析，利用这个安慰物做许多的工作，给孩子提供心理支持。
 
6、不要过分美化托儿所，也不要无意当中表露对托儿所不信任等情绪。尽可能向孩子传递更多正面的信息。尤其在跟邻居朋友等聊天时，若孩子在身边，一定注意不要谈论各种负面的消息。
 
7、多带孩子外出，多接触外人，让孩子习惯与家人以外的人相处，但不要逼迫孩子。提供相应的环境，让孩子有机会接触就好。如果孩子很抵制，可先从家人入手——由主要抚养人带领孩子与其他家庭成员有更多的接触，让他逐渐适应与主要抚养人分离。
 
8、帮助孩子学会表达自己的需求。如果孩子的语言能力发展不太好，可以暂时用一些特定的手势或者其他肢体语言替代，并在入托前详细向老师说明。与此同时，要辅以语言表达，让孩子浸泡在这样的语言环境中，逐渐学会通过语言表达。
 
9、入托前准备一份简明扼要的清单，概括孩子的性格特点，需要交代的特别需求（如睡前必须喝奶等），可能有的特别反应（如怕黑或者其他事物等），最佳安抚方式，健康方面需要特别注意的地方……这个清单可以帮助老师了解孩子，同时采取更有针对性的方式去协助孩子。
 
总之，准备越充分，孩子适应起来就越容易，但要避免过度准备，如成天在孩子面前谈入托之事，以免起反作用。准备要从心入手，心若淡定，一切随心所转。

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